Monthly Archives: December 2016

OZS Electrodes

How does the type of coating electrodes with their welding characteristics. Ability to perform welding in any position, the performance of electric welding, welding current is required, the propensity to pore formation, and (in some cases) the tendency to form cracks in the weld and content in the weld metal hydrogen, all these factors directly depend on the type of coating welding electrodes. Sour cover consists of silicon, manganese and iron oxides. Electrodes coated with acid (CM-5, ANO-1), the properties of welded joints and weld metal are the types of E38 and E42. When welding electrodes coated with an acidic metal-coated rust or dross, will not form pores (the same, with lengthening of the arc). Welding current of these electrodes can be ac or dc.

Negative factor when welding electrodes is coated with an acidic high propensity to appear in the weld metal hot cracking. Ground electrode coating (UONII-13, DSC-50) is formed by fluorides and carbonates. The chemical composition of the metal, directed by such electrodes, identical became calm. Low content of nonmetallic inclusions, gases and contaminants ensures high weld metal toughness (at normal and low temperatures), and plasticity, it has high resistant to the appearance of hot cracks. According to its characteristics, and electrodes coated with the main relate to the types of E42A and E46A, E50A, and E60.

However, with basic coated electrodes are inferior to their technological characteristics certain types of electrodes because of its shortcomings, in the case of wet coating and with the lengthening of the arc to work with them high sensitivity to pore formation in the weld metal. Welding of these electrodes is performed under constant current with reversed polarity, the electrodes before welding require calcination (at t 250 420oS). Rutile electrode (MR-3, ANO-3, ANO-4, OZS-4) bypass for a number of technological qualities all other types of electrodes. When performing welding ac arcing electrodes such a powerful and stable, with minimal spray metal forming high-quality seam and peel easily separated from the slag. Changing the length of the arc welding wet or rusty metal and welding on the surface of oxides, all of which have little effect on pore formation rutile electrodes. However, they formed the weld metal has a negative quality, a lower impact strength and plasticity induced by the inclusions of silicon oxide. Organic ingredients in a large number (50%) is cellulose coating type electrodes (WCC-1, WCC-2, OMA-2). The weld metal is identical to calm them, or poluspokoynoy steel (chemical composition). According to its characteristics with cellulosic electrodes are types E50, E46 and E42. One-sided welding cellulosic electrodes on weight yields uniformly inverse sutural ridges, can be welded and the vertical joints; by upside down. However, in the resulting cellulosic electrode for welding seam metal high content of hydrogen and so; big minus.

Colorants And Additives For Plastics

In this article we look at painting and modification of polymeric materials using granulated concentrates and masterbatches. This method deserves attention because of its simplicity and its manufacturability application, as well as due to the fact that today more than 98% of the world's products from plastics to acquire the required physical and mechanical properties and color with these granules. Concentrates, or the so-called masterbatches represent granules containing functional or coloring additives and polymer as a binder. The manufacturing process of their production processes that use similar granulation. Material support (polymer matrix) and additives (usually in powder form) with the precise dosage mix with each other. The resulting mixture is homogenized worm extruder and pressed through forming equipment. To obtain pellets melt can be applied in two ways.

This granulation in the chilled spinneret or cutting the extruded strands granulkuterom. Coloring additives are made from the carrier material and colorants. Polymer matrix concentrate shall consist of the same material as the polymer and painted for high quality color distribution for the product. The term "colorant" is to be understood organic dyes and inorganic pigments, which gives the material the desired color. As inorganic pigments using carbon black, titanium dioxide, chromium oxides, iron oxide compounds, etc. They are finely divided and have been attributed to volume of the polymer, depending on Stepney opacity paint over the product. Unlike organic dyes is that they dissolve in the molten plastic, which can be left natural transparency polymer and give it the desired shade. As an example, pet bottles, a bluish tint which is purchased with help of the phthalocyanine dye. Mechanism for generating functional additives inherently is the same process, only instead of colorants used substances modifying the properties of plastics such as processability, transparency, luster (gloss), surface friction, impact strength, etc. Quality masterbatch mainly depends on the quality of used colorants and additives, as well as on compliance of production technology. This determines the color accuracy and uniformity derived properties of the product.

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